Steps 1-6
- Load the R packaes we will use.
- Read the data in the files, ‘drug_cos.csv’, ‘health_cos.csv’ in to R and assign to the variables ‘drug_cos’ and ‘health_cos’
drug_cos <- read_csv("https://estanny.com/static/week6/drug_cos.csv")
health_cos <- read_csv("https://estanny.com/static/week6/health_cos.csv")
- Use ’glimspe to get a glimpse of the data
drug_cos %>% glimpse()
Rows: 104
Columns: 9
$ ticker <chr> "ZTS", "ZTS", "ZTS", "ZTS", "ZTS", "ZTS", "Z...
$ name <chr> "Zoetis Inc", "Zoetis Inc", "Zoetis Inc", "Z...
$ location <chr> "New Jersey; U.S.A", "New Jersey; U.S.A", "N...
$ ebitdamargin <dbl> 0.149, 0.217, 0.222, 0.238, 0.182, 0.335, 0....
$ grossmargin <dbl> 0.610, 0.640, 0.634, 0.641, 0.635, 0.659, 0....
$ netmargin <dbl> 0.058, 0.101, 0.111, 0.122, 0.071, 0.168, 0....
$ ros <dbl> 0.101, 0.171, 0.176, 0.195, 0.140, 0.286, 0....
$ roe <dbl> 0.069, 0.113, 0.612, 0.465, 0.285, 0.587, 0....
$ year <dbl> 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 20...health_cos %>% glimpse()
Rows: 464
Columns: 11
$ ticker <chr> "ZTS", "ZTS", "ZTS", "ZTS", "ZTS", "ZTS", "ZT...
$ name <chr> "Zoetis Inc", "Zoetis Inc", "Zoetis Inc", "Zo...
$ revenue <dbl> 4233000000, 4336000000, 4561000000, 478500000...
$ gp <dbl> 2581000000, 2773000000, 2892000000, 306800000...
$ rnd <dbl> 427000000, 409000000, 399000000, 396000000, 3...
$ netincome <dbl> 245000000, 436000000, 504000000, 583000000, 3...
$ assets <dbl> 5711000000, 6262000000, 6558000000, 658800000...
$ liabilities <dbl> 1975000000, 2221000000, 5596000000, 525100000...
$ marketcap <dbl> NA, NA, 16345223371, 21572007994, 23860348635...
$ year <dbl> 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 201...
$ industry <chr> "Drug Manufacturers - Specialty & Generic", "...- Which varaibles are the same in both data sets?
names_drug <- drug_cos %>% names()
names_health <- health_cos %>% names()
intersect(names_drug, names_health)
[1] "ticker" "name" "year" - Select subset of variables to work with
- For ‘drug_cos’ select (in this order): ‘ticker’, ‘year’, ‘grossmargin’
- Extract observations for 2018
- Assign output to drug_subset
- For ‘health_cos’ select (in this order): ‘ticker’, ‘year’, ‘revenue’, ‘gp’, ‘industry’
- Extract observations for 2018
- Assign output to ‘health_subset’
- Keep all the rows and columns ‘drug_subset’ join with columns in ‘health_subset’
drug_subset %>% left_join(health_subset)
# A tibble: 13 x 6
ticker year grossmargin revenue gp industry
<chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr>
1 ZTS 2018 0.672 5.82e 9 3.91e 9 Drug Manufacturers - ~
2 PRGO 2018 0.387 4.73e 9 1.83e 9 Drug Manufacturers - ~
3 PFE 2018 0.79 5.36e10 4.24e10 Drug Manufacturers - ~
4 MYL 2018 0.35 1.14e10 4.00e 9 Drug Manufacturers - ~
5 MRK 2018 0.681 4.23e10 2.88e10 Drug Manufacturers - ~
6 LLY 2018 0.738 2.46e10 1.81e10 Drug Manufacturers - ~
7 JNJ 2018 0.668 8.16e10 5.45e10 Drug Manufacturers - ~
8 GILD 2018 0.781 2.21e10 1.73e10 Drug Manufacturers - ~
9 BMY 2018 0.71 2.26e10 1.60e10 Drug Manufacturers - ~
10 BIIB 2018 0.865 1.35e10 1.16e10 Drug Manufacturers - ~
11 AMGN 2018 0.827 2.37e10 1.96e10 Drug Manufacturers - ~
12 AGN 2018 0.861 1.58e10 1.36e10 Drug Manufacturers - ~
13 ABBV 2018 0.764 3.28e10 2.50e10 Drug Manufacturers - ~#Question: join_ticker
- Start with drug_cos
- Extract observations for the ticker ‘JNJ’ from ‘drug_cos’
- Assign output to the variable ‘drug_cos_subset’
drug_cos_subset <- drug_cos %>%
filter(ticker == "JNJ")
- Display ‘drug_cos_subset’
drug_cos_subset
# A tibble: 8 x 9
ticker name location ebitdamargin grossmargin netmargin ros roe
<chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 JNJ John~ New Jer~ 0.247 0.687 0.149 0.199 0.161
2 JNJ John~ New Jer~ 0.272 0.678 0.161 0.218 0.173
3 JNJ John~ New Jer~ 0.281 0.687 0.194 0.224 0.197
4 JNJ John~ New Jer~ 0.336 0.694 0.22 0.284 0.217
5 JNJ John~ New Jer~ 0.335 0.693 0.22 0.282 0.219
6 JNJ John~ New Jer~ 0.338 0.697 0.23 0.286 0.229
7 JNJ John~ New Jer~ 0.317 0.667 0.017 0.243 0.019
8 JNJ John~ New Jer~ 0.318 0.668 0.188 0.233 0.244
# ... with 1 more variable: year <dbl>- Use ‘left_join’ to combine the rows and columns of ‘drug_cos_subset’ with the columns of ‘health_cos’
- Assign the output to ‘combo_df’
combo_df <- drug_cos_subset %>%
left_join(health_cos)
- Display ‘combo_df’
combo_df
# A tibble: 8 x 17
ticker name location ebitdamargin grossmargin netmargin ros roe
<chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 JNJ John~ New Jer~ 0.247 0.687 0.149 0.199 0.161
2 JNJ John~ New Jer~ 0.272 0.678 0.161 0.218 0.173
3 JNJ John~ New Jer~ 0.281 0.687 0.194 0.224 0.197
4 JNJ John~ New Jer~ 0.336 0.694 0.22 0.284 0.217
5 JNJ John~ New Jer~ 0.335 0.693 0.22 0.282 0.219
6 JNJ John~ New Jer~ 0.338 0.697 0.23 0.286 0.229
7 JNJ John~ New Jer~ 0.317 0.667 0.017 0.243 0.019
8 JNJ John~ New Jer~ 0.318 0.668 0.188 0.233 0.244
# ... with 9 more variables: year <dbl>, revenue <dbl>, gp <dbl>,
# rnd <dbl>, netincome <dbl>, assets <dbl>, liabilities <dbl>,
# marketcap <dbl>, industry <chr>Note: the variables ‘ticker’, ‘name’, ‘location’ and ‘industry’ are the same for all the observations
- Assign the company name to ‘co_name’
co_name <- combo_df %>%
distinct(name) %>%
pull()
- Assign the company location to ‘co_location’
co_location <- combo_df %>%
distinct(location) %>%
pull()
Assign the industry to co_industry group
co_industry <- combo_df %>%
distinct(industry) %>%
pull()
Put the r inline commands used in the blanks below. When you knit the document the results of the commands will be displayed in your text.
The company ‘Johnson & Johnson’ is located in New Jersey; U.S.A. and is a member of the Drug Manufacturers - General industry group.
- Start with ‘combo_df’
- Select variables (in this order): ‘year’, ‘grossmargin’, ‘netmargin’, ‘revenue’, ‘gp’, ‘netincome’
- Assign the output to ‘combo_df_subset’
combo_df_subset <- combo_df %>%
select(year, grossmargin, netmargin,
revenue, gp, netincome)
Display combo_df_subset
combo_df_subset
# A tibble: 8 x 6
year grossmargin netmargin revenue gp netincome
<dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 2011 0.687 0.149 65030000000 44670000000 9672000000
2 2012 0.678 0.161 67224000000 45566000000 10853000000
3 2013 0.687 0.194 71312000000 48970000000 13831000000
4 2014 0.694 0.22 74331000000 51585000000 16323000000
5 2015 0.693 0.22 70074000000 48538000000 15409000000
6 2016 0.697 0.23 71890000000 50101000000 16540000000
7 2017 0.667 0.017 76450000000 51011000000 1300000000
8 2018 0.668 0.188 81581000000 54490000000 15297000000- Create the variable ‘grossmargin_check’ to compare with the variable ‘grossmargin’. They should be equal.
- grossmargin_check = gp / revenue
- Create the variable ‘close_enough’ to check that the absolute value of the difference between ‘grossmargin_check’ and ‘grossmargin’ is less than 0.001
combo_df_subset %>%
mutate(grossmargin_check = gp / revenue,
close_enough = abs(grossmargin_check - grossmargin) < 0.001)
# A tibble: 8 x 8
year grossmargin netmargin revenue gp netincome
<dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 2011 0.687 0.149 6.50e10 4.47e10 9.67e 9
2 2012 0.678 0.161 6.72e10 4.56e10 1.09e10
3 2013 0.687 0.194 7.13e10 4.90e10 1.38e10
4 2014 0.694 0.22 7.43e10 5.16e10 1.63e10
5 2015 0.693 0.22 7.01e10 4.85e10 1.54e10
6 2016 0.697 0.23 7.19e10 5.01e10 1.65e10
7 2017 0.667 0.017 7.64e10 5.10e10 1.30e 9
8 2018 0.668 0.188 8.16e10 5.45e10 1.53e10
# ... with 2 more variables: grossmargin_check <dbl>,
# close_enough <lgl>- Create the variable ‘netmargin_check’ to compare with the variable ‘netmargin’. They should be equal.
- Create the variable close_enough to check that the absolute value of the difference between ‘netmargin_check’ and ‘netmargin’ is less than 0.001
combo_df_subset %>%
mutate(netmargin_check = netincome / revenue,
close_enough = abs(netmargin_check - netmargin) < 0.001)
# A tibble: 8 x 8
year grossmargin netmargin revenue gp netincome
<dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 2011 0.687 0.149 6.50e10 4.47e10 9.67e 9
2 2012 0.678 0.161 6.72e10 4.56e10 1.09e10
3 2013 0.687 0.194 7.13e10 4.90e10 1.38e10
4 2014 0.694 0.22 7.43e10 5.16e10 1.63e10
5 2015 0.693 0.22 7.01e10 4.85e10 1.54e10
6 2016 0.697 0.23 7.19e10 5.01e10 1.65e10
7 2017 0.667 0.017 7.64e10 5.10e10 1.30e 9
8 2018 0.668 0.188 8.16e10 5.45e10 1.53e10
# ... with 2 more variables: netmargin_check <dbl>,
# close_enough <lgl>#Question: summarize_industry
- Fill in the blanks
- Put the command you use in the Rchunks in the Rmd file for this quiz
- Use the health_cos data
- For each industry calculate
- mean_grossmargin_percent = mean(gp / revenue) * 100
- median_grossmargin_percent = median(gp / revenue) * 100
- min_grossmargin_percent = min(gp / revenue) * 100
- max_gross_margin_percent = max(gp / revenue) * 100
health_cos %>%
group_by(industry) %>%
summarize(mean_grossmargin_percent = mean(gp/revenue)* 100,
median_grossmargin_percent = median(gp / revenue) * 100,
min_grossmargin_percent = min(gp / revenue) * 100,
max_grossmargin_percent = max(gp / revenue) * 100)
# A tibble: 9 x 5
industry mean_grossmargi~ median_grossmar~ min_grossmargin~
* <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 Biotech~ 92.5 92.7 81.7
2 Diagnos~ 50.5 52.7 28.0
3 Drug Ma~ 75.4 76.4 36.8
4 Drug Ma~ 47.9 42.6 34.3
5 Healthc~ 20.5 19.6 10.0
6 Medical~ 55.9 37.4 28.1
7 Medical~ 70.8 72.0 53.2
8 Medical~ 10.4 5.38 2.49
9 Medical~ 53.9 52.8 40.5
# ... with 1 more variable: max_grossmargin_percent <dbl>- mean_grossmargin_percent for the industry Medical Devices is 70.8%
- median_grossmargin_percent for the industry Medical Devices is 72.0%
- min_grossmargin_percent for the industry Medical Devices is 53.2%
- max_grossmargin_percent for the industry Medical Devices is 84.7%
#Question: inline_ticker
- Fill in the blanks
- Use the health_cos data
- Extract observations for the ticker BMY from health_cos and assign to the variable health_cos_subset
health_cos_subset <- health_cos %>%
filter(ticker == "BMY")
- Display ‘health_cos_subset’
health_cos_subset
# A tibble: 8 x 11
ticker name revenue gp rnd netincome assets liabilities
<chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 BMY Bris~ 2.12e10 1.56e10 3.84e9 3.71e9 3.30e10 17103000000
2 BMY Bris~ 1.76e10 1.30e10 3.90e9 1.96e9 3.59e10 22259000000
3 BMY Bris~ 1.64e10 1.18e10 3.73e9 2.56e9 3.86e10 23356000000
4 BMY Bris~ 1.59e10 1.19e10 4.53e9 2.00e9 3.37e10 18766000000
5 BMY Bris~ 1.66e10 1.27e10 5.92e9 1.56e9 3.17e10 17324000000
6 BMY Bris~ 1.94e10 1.45e10 5.01e9 4.46e9 3.37e10 17360000000
7 BMY Bris~ 2.08e10 1.47e10 6.48e9 1.01e9 3.36e10 21704000000
8 BMY Bris~ 2.26e10 1.60e10 6.34e9 4.92e9 3.50e10 20859000000
# ... with 3 more variables: marketcap <dbl>, year <dbl>,
# industry <chr>- In the console, type ‘?distinct’. Go to the help pane to see what distinct does
- In the console, type ‘?pull’. Go to the help pane to see what pull does
health_cos_subset %>%
distinct(name) %>%
pull(name)
[1] "Bristol Myers Squibb Co"- Assign the output to co_name
co_name <- health_cos_subset %>%
distinct(name) %>%
pull(name)
You can take output from your code and include it in your text. - The name of the company with ticker ‘BMY’ is “Bristol Myers Squibb Co”
In following chuck - Assign the company’s industry group to the variable co_industry
co_industry <- health_cos_subset %>%
distinct(industry) %>%
pull()
This is outside the R chunk. Put the r inline commands used in the blanks below. When you knit the document the results of the commands will be displayed in your text.
The company Bristol Myers Squibb Co is a member of the Drug Manufacturers - General group.
#Steps 7-11
- Prepare the data for the plots
- start with health_cos THEN
- group_by industry THEN
- calculate the median research and development expenditure as a percent of revenue by industry
- assign the output to df
- Use glimpse to glimpse the data for the plots
df %>% glimpse()
Rows: 9
Columns: 2
$ industry <chr> "Biotechnology", "Diagnostics & Research", "D...
$ med_rnd_rev <dbl> 0.48317287, 0.05620271, 0.17451442, 0.0685187...- Create a static bar chart
- use ggplot to initialize the chart
- data is df
- the variable industry is mapped to the x-axis
- reorder it based the value of med_rnd_rev
- the variable med_rnd_rev is mapped to the y-axis
- add a bar chart using geom_col
- use scale_y_continuous to label the y-axis with percent
- use coord_flip() to flip the coordinates
- use labs to add title, subtitle and remove x and y-axes
- use theme_ipsum() from the hrbrthemes package to improve the theme
ggplot(data = df,
mapping = aes(
x = reorder(industry, med_rnd_rev ),
y = med_rnd_rev
)) +
geom_col() +
scale_y_continuous(labels = scales::percent) +
coord_flip() +
labs(
title = "Median R&D expenditures",
subtitle = "by industry as a percent of revenue from 2011 to 2018",
x = NULL, y = NULL) +
theme_classic()
- Save the last plot to preview.png and add to the yaml chunk at the top
ggsave(filename = "preview.png",
path = here::here("_posts", "2021-03-12-joining-data"))
- Create an interactive bar chart using the package echarts4r
- start with the data df
- use arrange to reorder med_rnd_rev
- use e_charts to initialize a chart
- the variable industry is mapped to the x-axis
- add a bar chart using e_bar with the values of med_rnd_rev
- use e_flip_coords() to flip the coordinates
- use e_title to add the title and the subtitle
- use e_legend to remove the legends
- use e_x_axis to change format of labels on x-axis to percent
- use e_y_axis to remove labels on y-axis-
- use e_theme to change the theme. Find more themes here
df %>%
arrange(med_rnd_rev) %>%
e_charts(
x = industry
) %>%
e_bar(
serie = med_rnd_rev,
name = "median"
) %>%
e_flip_coords() %>%
e_tooltip() %>%
e_title(
text = "Median industry R&D expenditures",
subtext = "by industry as a percent of revenue from 2011 to 2018",
left = "center") %>%
e_legend(FALSE) %>%
e_x_axis(
formatter = e_axis_formatter("percent", digits = 0)
) %>%
e_y_axis(
show = FALSE
) %>%
e_theme("infographic")